Using artificial intelligence for military purposes, will China weigh heavily in future wars?

China, Asia’s fastest-growing power, has focused on the use of artificial intelligence AI technology to advance national security interests. According to a document from the Academy for the Promotion of Artificial Intelligence in China, “Weapons equipped with artificial intelligence will not only be able to control future wars from afar, but will also be able to better understand the details of combat on the battlefield.” Will be able to go With artificial intelligence, it will be possible to see the battlefield plan on a small scale.

This document from the Academy of Information and Communication shows how important China considers the latest technology of artificial intelligence.

The State Council, a powerful Chinese institution, announced its strategy in 2017 to combine military and non-military technologies to create things that are equally useful for military and other purposes.

 

The State Council report said artificial intelligence would be key to the plan to combine military and non-military technology.

The second major goal of the project is to make all relevant entities, including China’s largest private technology companies, part of the defense equipment industry, which will make maximum use of artificial intelligence.According to 2018 data, the Chinese companies that managed to acquire the most total rights in the field of artificial intelligence were ‘Baidu’ and ‘Ten Cent’, which together with US companies bought 2368 and 1168 total rights, respectively. ۔

However, China has now gone beyond that and is investing in new companies in its own country, incorporating them into the public infrastructure for research on modern technology.

Recent media reports show the importance of collaboration between the military and private companies in China.

It can also be speculated that Li Dai, head of the China Association for Artificial Intelligence, an organization set up to combine research on artificial intelligence, is a major general in the People’s Liberation Army.

According to China’s national security laws, companies have a duty to “assist, assist and assist the government in the official work of intelligence.”

The results of China’s efforts are clear, as evidenced by the fact that in March 2019, China overtook the United States in all the rights acquired by various educational institutions for research in the field of artificial intelligence.

And to show the world its achievements, China has been holding large-scale exhibitions under the theme “Civil-Military Partnership” for the last four years.

Various technology companies showcase artificial intelligence drones, command and control systems, aviation training machines and combat equipment at the exhibitions.

Drones
Among other things, one area where artificial intelligence can have far-reaching effects is drone technology.

This technology can enable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to automatically select and hit their target on the battlefield.

The two Chinese companies that are at the forefront of making AI-powered drones are Xi’an UAV and Qingdao Aircraft Industry.

The Qingdao aircraft industry, which makes fighter jets, is the one that makes J-10, J-11, JF-17 and J-20 fighter jets.

Xian UAV has built a drone called Bluefish A2. The drone can automatically demonstrate complex combat capabilities, including finding its target, monitoring enemy movements, and hitting selected targets.

Experts say such unmanned systems would enhance China’s capabilities to create a modern system that could help prevent the enemy from gaining access to Chinese territory.

In military terms, such systems are called anti-access or anti-denial capabilities.

And the Chinese company Ehang has developed a vehicle-like drone called the 184AV, which can fly up to 500 meters straight in one direction without human assistance, and can carry passengers and load cargo.

That is, it can be used as a drone taxi. The use of this drone as a Teski non-military, if viewed in the context of China’s efforts to integrate non-military technology and military technology, is an example of the dual use of drones.

Research into the use of drones for military purposes has led to the installation of sensors in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to enhance their ability to monitor and spy on the battlefield. Who will be able to send the data back to the center or command center.

In addition, systems that have the capability of machine learning will reduce the time required for decision-making in a war situation, making surveillance more effective for military purposes. Will go

With China’s growing expertise in FiveG technology, these drones will be able to send unparalleled data to the command center for reconnaissance data.

Supply and demand

In the recent past, China has made a name for itself in the world in the sale of so-called unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and countries such as the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Libya and Saudi Arabia. Ready to benefit from China’s drone program.

Xian UAV has sold its bluefish drones to the United Arab Emirates, while Pakistan and Saudi Arabia are in talks with China.

According to the South China Morning Post, a Hong Kong-based daily, China could also set up a drone factory in Saudi Arabia.

There have also been reports in the media that Chinese-made drones have been used in the recent wars in Libya and Yemen.

It should be noted that China has not signed any international agreement that would impose any restrictions on the export of drones or small missiles, for example, China is not among the 35 countries that are members of the Missile Technology Control Agreement.

In 2018, China allocated دفا 1.2 billion for the UAV sector, but increased it to چار 2.4 billion in 2019, according to an article published in a Japanese defense industry journal. Has been given.

According to the article, based on these figures, if future investments are estimated, by 2025, China will be spending چھ 2.6 billion for the development of the UAV sector.

Surveillance
Like drones, China has become a world leader in the sale of face recognition and surveillance technology, and many countries are showing interest in buying such devices from China.

China is also helping to improve the surveillance technology it is using to monitor its enemies, which it is using extensively to monitor Uighurs in its far western province of Xinjiang.

China’s Ministry of Public Security is also said to be building a large database to identify people with faces, with the main purpose of monitoring Xinjiang’s Muslim population.

The artificial intelligence system provided to Xinjiang’s police for this purpose has been developed by a new company, SenseTime, and the surveillance system has drawn criticism from human rights groups. Is.

The company has also sold its shares following criticism of the alleged detention of more than a million Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang camps.

War planning software

Since 2007, China has also invested in developing software that can help speed up and improve decision-making in the event of a war.

Although it is difficult to estimate how much progress China has made in this area, it would not be wrong to say that China is doing its best to compete with the United States and NATO in this area.

China would like to be able to at least compete with the United States and NATO in this area if they are not able to do so.

In this area, China is said to have learned, among other things, from US experience in Afghanistan.

According to a Chinese newspaper, the Chinese government has signed an agreement with a Belgian company whose software is used by NATO forces.

Chinese news agency Zhenhua published an article in 2015 about Li Zhong, chief engineer of China’s largest university of defense technology, who was responsible for setting up the country’s central information systems laboratory.

According to the news agency, Li Zhong was convinced that the problems facing the Chinese military in planning and the technology needed to solve these problems as soon as possible would involve artificial intelligence and operational research. Must do

Missile

Another area of ​​the military intelligence industry equipped with artificial intelligence that I am working on most is the development of guided missiles capable of detecting and hitting targets without human assistance.

According to an article published in the Journal of the Japanese Defense Industry, China has successfully integrated artificial intelligence technology with its 21-range medium-range missile.

The official daily People’s Daily says that the DF made from this combination. The 21D type missile “can sink an entire aircraft carrier in a single strike and it is difficult to shoot down this missile on the way.”

People’s Daily further said that DF. An older model of the 21D DF. 26 “Not only can it hit large targets on the ground, but it can also hit targets floating in water 4,000 kilometers away.” However, the newspaper did not say whether the model was equipped with artificial intelligence.

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